Demand Response Program applied for Electric Vehicle Charging in Distribution Networks

Delberis A. Lima; Leandra S. Almeida; Rafael S. D. Teixeira

doi:10.18618/REP.e202604

Authors

Delberis A. Lima Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1985-9427
Leandra S. Almeida Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5182-9667
Rafael S. D. Teixeira Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5727-5476

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.e202604

Keywords:

Charging Optimization, Distribution System Operation, Demand Response Program, Electric Vehicles, Sensitivity-Based Network Tariffs

Abstract

The growing penetration of Electric Vehicles (EVs) poses new challenges to distribution system operation, particularly regarding peak demand and asset overloading. This paper proposes an optimization model for EV charging profiles based on time-varying and location-sensitive signals derived from the electrical impedance matrix of the distribution network. Building on a previously published tariff-sensitivity framework, this study develops an EV charging optimization model that uses nodal and hourly signals to reflect the marginal impact of current injections on line congestion. The optimization minimizes the total EV charging cost while mitigating adverse grid impacts. Simulation results using the IEEE 123-bus system demonstrate reductions in losses and line loading, as well as cost savings for EV owners. By combining the proposed approach with the existing tariff-sensitivity framework, Distribution System Operators (DSOs) can better align incentives for EV owners, without compromising their charging profiles, and mitigate network issues, thereby supporting the scalable integration of EVs.

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Author Biographies

Delberis A. Lima, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro

received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Electrical Engineering from São Paulo State University (UNESP) “Julio de Mesquita Filho,” Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil, in 2000 and 2003, respectively. His research interests include power system planning and operation, energy markets, and smart grids

Leandra S. Almeida, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro

received her B.Sc. degrees in Exact Sciences (2022) and in Electrical Engineering with emphasis on Robotics and Industrial Automation (2023) from Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Brazil. She is currently pursuing the M.Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering at Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio). Her research interests include power systems, energy storage and electry vehicles.

Rafael S. D. Teixeira, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro

received his B.Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering and M.Sc. degree in Metrology, with emphasis on smart grids, from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Brazil, in 2017 and 2021, respectively. His research interests include power system planning and operation, energy markets, and smart grids.

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