Latency-Robust Adaptive Control for Centralized Advanced Microgrids: Reverse Power Flow Mitigation via Wi-Fi Communication

Lucas S. Chaves; João Marcus S. Callegari; Lucas S. Araujo; Danilo I. Brandao

doi:10.18618/REP.e202632

Authors

Lucas S. Chaves Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0780-470X
João Marcus S. Callegari Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Lucas S. Araujo SINTEF Energy Research https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-6699
Danilo I. Brandao Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.e202632

Keywords:

Centralized control, communication latency, microgrids, stability, Wi-Fi

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel latency-robust adaptive control strategy for regulating active power flow at the point of common coupling (PCC) in centralized grid-connected microgrids (MGs). The proposed strategy dynamically adjusts power management system (PMS) parameters, such as the digital anti-aliasing filter cutoff frequency and packet transmission rate (PTR), to maintain stability and achieve shorter settling times. The strategy is tested in a controller hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL) setup, with the Typhoon HIL 402 simulating the power system and the Raspberry Pi implementing the PMS. The strategy is compared with the typical implementation using fixed PMS parameters. Tests with wired Ethernet communication show that the adaptive control achieves settling times 1.4 to 2.6 times shorter than fixed control, while maintaining stability in scenarios where the fixed control becomes unstable. The proposed strategy is also verified through 24-hour MG operation tests using Wi-Fi, demonstrating stable and accurate power flow control at the PCC while eliminating reverse power flow through self-consumption.

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Author Biographies

Lucas S. Chaves, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais

received his B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from Instituto Nacional de Telecomunicações (INATEL) in 2010, his M.Sc. degree in Telecommunications from INATEL in 2014, and his Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) in 2026, focusing on microgrids. He is currently a professor in the Electrical Engineering Department at CEFET-MG, Brazil.

João Marcus S. Callegari, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

received the doctorate degree in electrical engineering from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil, in 2024. Since 2025, he has been an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electronic Engineering, UFMG. His current research and technical interests include the design and control of grid-connected multifunctional inverters, the reliability of power electronics-based systems, and ac microgrids. Dr. Callegari was the recipient of the President Bernardes Silver Medal in 2019, the IEEE IAS CMD Student Thesis Contest 2022 (Non-Ph.D. Category), and the CAPES Thesis Award in the Engineering IV category.

Lucas S. Araujo, SINTEF Energy Research

is a specialist in power converter applications and microgrid control. He has experience conducting and developing research projects in collaboration with both public and private organizations. He received his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in 2022. In the same year, he was a Visiting Researcher at the University of Padova, Padua, Italy. In 2024, he worked as a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). He is currently a Research Scientist at SINTEF Energy Research in Trondheim, Norway. His research interests include grid-forming converter control, microgrid control, electric transportation, and power electronics applied to renewable energy systems and energy storage.

Danilo I. Brandao, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

received the doctorate degree in electrical engineering from the State University of Campinas (Unicamp),
Brazil, in 2015. He was visiting positions at Colorado School of Mines (2009 and 2013), Universita degli Studi di Padova (2014) and Norwegian University of Science and Technology (2018 and 2020). He is currently an assistant professor at Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil. His main research interests are control of grid-connected converters and microgrids. He is a member of IEEE and SOBRAEP.

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