Energy-based modelling and comparison of experimental and real-time simulated Boost converter with parasitics

Rodrigo J. Piontkewicz; Rodrigo Trentini; Maria Eduarda Baittinger; Lorenzo V. Bonalume

doi:10.18618/REP.e202634

Authors

Rodrigo J. Piontkewicz Federal Institute of Santa Catarina
Rodrigo Trentini Federal Institute of Santa Catarina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7519-7763
Maria Eduarda Baittinger Federal University of Santa Catarina
Lorenzo V. Bonalume Federal University of Santa Catarina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.e202634

Keywords:

Boost converter, Energy-based modelling, Real-time simulation

Abstract

This paper presents an energy-based modeling approach for a boost converter including parasitic effects. The model is derived using the Lagrangian formulation with Rayleigh dissipation, allowing the inductor DC resistance, capacitor ESR, switch resistance, diode resistance, and diode forward voltage drop to be incorporated in a systematic way. From the averaged representation, the non-ideal static gain, the small-signal linearized model, and the duty-cycle-to-output-voltage and duty-cycle-to-inductor-current transfer functions are obtained. The model is validated using a 25 kHz, 12 V-to-24 V experimental prototype and a switched real-time HIL simulation. Frequency-domain results show that the ideal model overestimates the resonant peak and does not reproduce the damping observed experimentally, whereas the parasitic-aware model provides a closer approximation of the measured gain and phase responses. Time-domain tests under duty-cycle and load steps further confirm that the inclusion of parasitic elements is essential to reproduce the mean voltage and current dynamics of the practical converter. Although algebraically equivalent to conventional state-space averaging under the same assumptions, the energy-based formulation provides a structured separation between stored energy, dissipative effects, and external sources, facilitating the derivation and extension of parasitic-aware converter models.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Rodrigo J. Piontkewicz, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina

received the B.S. degree in electrical engineer from the Católica de Santa Catarina, Jaraguá do Sul, Brazil, the M.S. degree in electrical engineer from the Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil. Since 2016, he has been an Adjunct Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina, Campus Jaraguá do Sul-Rau, Brazil. His research interests include power electronics and control applied to power electronics converters.

Rodrigo Trentini, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina

received the B.S. degree in control and automation engineering from the Instituto Superior Tupy, Joinville, Brazil, in 2010, the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from the State University of Santa Catarina, Joinville, in 2012, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany, in 2017. Since 2018, he has been an Adjunct Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina, Campus Jaraguá do Sul-Rau, Brazil. His research interests include power systems modeling and control, renewable energy, control theory, and mechatronics.

Maria Eduarda Baittinger, Federal University of Santa Catarina

is currently pursuing the B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering at the Federal Institute of Santa Catarina, Jaraguá do Sul, Brazil. She participates in research activities as an undergraduate scholarship student. Her research interests include power electronics, thermal analysis, and Hardware-in-the-Loop systems.

Lorenzo V. Bonalume, Federal University of Santa Catarina

is currently pursuing the B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering at the Federal Institute of Santa Catarina, Jaraguá do Sul, Brazil. He participates in research activities as an undergraduate scholarship student. His research interests include power electronics, embedded systems, and control systems.

References

R. D. Middlebrook, S. Cuk, “A general unified approach to modelling switching-converter power stages”, in 1976 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, pp. 18–34, IEEE, 1976, doi:10.1109/PESC.1976.7072895.

M. B. Vendruscolo, A. Toebe, E. Mattos, L. Michels, A. M. S. S. Andrade, “Modeling and Control of a Bipolar DC-DC Boost Converter for Bipolar DC Microgrids”, Eletrônica de Potência, vol. 31, p. e202612, Feb. 2026, doi:10.18618/REP.e202612.

R. W. Erickson, D. Maksimovic, Fundamentals of power electronics, Springer Science & Business Media, 2007, doi:10.1007/b100747.

R. Ortega, A. Van Der Schaft, B. Maschke, G. Escobar, “Interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control of port-controlled Hamiltonian systems”, Automatica, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 585–596, 2002, doi:10.1016/S0005-1098(01)00278-3.

M. U. Munieeb, S. S. Sofi, F. Bashir, M. U. Hassan, S. A. Nahvi, “Some contributions to Lagrangian modelling of power converters”, Franklin Open, vol. 8, p. 100125, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.fraope.2024.100125.

F. Blaabjerg, F. Iov, R. Teodorescu, Z. Chen, “Power electronics in renewable energy systems”, in 2006 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, pp. 1–17, IEEE, 2006, doi:10.1109/EPEPEMC.2006.4778368.

R. Stadlmayr, K. Schlacher, “An energy-based control strategy for DC/DC power converters”, in 2009 European Control Conference (ECC), pp. 3967–3972, IEEE, 2009, doi:10.23919/ECC.2009.7075020.

K. Wang, B. Li, H. Li, X. Yang, A. Qiu, “Characterization and modeling of frequency-dependent on-resistance for GaN devices at high frequencies”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 4925–4933, 2019, doi:10.1109/TPEL.2019.2947075.

D. W. Hart, D. W. Hart, Power electronics, vol. 166, McGraw-Hill New York, 2011.

J. R. López Gutiérrez, P. Ponce, A. Molina, “Real-time power electronics laboratory to strengthen distance learning engineering education on smart grids and microgrids”, Future Internet, vol. 13, no. 9, p. 237, 2021, doi:10.3390/fi13090237.

M. İnci, Y. Altun, “Investigation on the Effect of Parasitic Elements on PID Control of DC-DC Buck Converter”, Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 696–708, 2024.

S. Choi, M. Saeedifard, R. Shenoy, “A Modern Education Power Electronics Laboratory to Enhance Hands-on Active Learning”, in 2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, pp. 22–67, 2011, doi:10.18260/1-2–17349.

B. Lehman, R. M. Bass, “Extensions of averaging theory for power electronic systems”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 542–553, 1996, doi:10.1109/63.506119.

R. J. Piontkewicz, R. Trentini, “Energy-Based Modelling and Comparison of Experimental and Real-Time Simulated Buck Converter with Parasitics”, in 2025 Brazilian Power Electronics Conference (COBEP), pp. 1–5, 2025, doi:10.1109/COBEP66423.2025.11231266.