Impacto do PLL para Estimação de Impedância de Rede e Avaliação de Estabilidade no Domínio DQ em Sistemas com Inversores Conectados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2023.2.0050Keywords:
Critério generalizado de Nyquist, Estimação de Impedância de Rede, Inversor Conectado à Rede, Malhas de Captura de Fase, Matriz de Impedância DQ, Perturbações Binárias Pseudo-AleatóriasAbstract
Este artigo propõe uma técnica para estimação da matriz de impedância de rede vista por um inversor trifásico conectado à rede elétrica. Ela é baseada na injeção de perturbações binárias pseudo-aleatórias de corrente impostas pelo controle do inversor. As perturbações são injetadas nos referenciais dq sincronizados por uma malha de captura de fase (PLL), referente ao sistema de controle (CPLL). Utilizase outro PLL, exclusivamente para a estimação da matriz de impedância síncrona dq (EPLL). Por meio de análises no domínio da frequência, verifica-se que a estimação da impedância é afetada para frequências na banda passante (BP) do EPLL. Consequentemente, a BP deve ser projetada dentro de uma faixa de frequências menor do que aquelas de interesse para a estimação da matriz de impedância. O presente trabalho também aplica o critério generalizado de Nyquist (CGN) para avaliar a estabilidade do sistema. Conclui-se que a seleção equivocada da banda do EPLL pode levar a avaliações incorretas. Além disso, a banda do CPLL pode ser usada para produzir uma matriz de impedância do inversor que assegure maiores margens de estabilidade ao sistema. As discussões apresentadas neste artigo são apoiadas por simulações no software Simulink e por realizações dos controles em tempo real através de uma plataforma Typhoon.
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