A Full-Bridge Partial-Power Processing Converter for Three-Stage Small Wind Turbine Systems

Anderson J. Balbino; Ion L. dos Santos; Moises C. T. Villanueva; Telles B. Lazzarin

doi:10.18618/REP.2022.1.0044

Authors

Anderson J. Balbino Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis – SC, Brazil
Ion L. dos Santos Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis – SC, Brazil
Moises C. T. Villanueva National University of San Agustin Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru
Telles B. Lazzarin Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis – SC, Brazil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2022.1.0044

Keywords:

Full-Bridge, Grid-Connected, Partial-Power Processing Converters, Small Wind Turbines

Abstract

In order to process the energy generated by small wind turbines (SWT) in grid-connected systems, three-stage configurations (rectifier, dc-dc converter, and inverter) have been suitable due to low cost of three-phase diode rectifiers, facility to perform the maximum power point tracking in dc-dc converters, and power decoupling between the grid and wind generator. As drawback, the three-stage solutions can present higher losses in relation to two-stage systems due to the additional converter. To reach a better efficiency, partial-power converters (PPC) can be used, in which only a part of the power generated by the SWT is processed by the converter. In this method, topology, power/voltage levels, and the operating range characteristics can impact the power handled by the converter. Since the experimental analysis of PPC applied to SWT systems remains to be investigated in the literature, this paper analyzes the Full-Bridge with Zero-Voltage Switching operating as PPC in SWT systems connected to the single-phase grid. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed structure, experimental results are verified for a 1.5 kW SWT, in which the FullBridge PPC processes only 70% of the generated power. In relation to the full-power processing, the partial-power processing has reduced the losses in 35.9%.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Anderson J. Balbino, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis – SC, Brazil

was born in Barão de Cotegipe, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 1995. He received the B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI), Erechim, Brazil, and Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, Brazil, in 2017 and 2020, respectively. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering in the Power Electronics Institute at UFSC. His research interests include power converters, renewable energy systems, and battery charging systems.

Ion L. dos Santos, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis – SC, Brazil

was born in Lages, Santa Catarina state, Brazil, in 1995. He received the B. Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering from Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, Brazil, in 2020. He is currently working toward the M. Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering in the Power Electronics Institute at UFSC. His interests include power converters, dynamics modeling and control applications in renewable energy sources.

Moises C. T. Villanueva, National University of San Agustin Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru

was born in Arequipa, Peru, in 1964. He received the Dipl.-Ing (M.S.) degree in electrical engineering from the Tashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, in 1991 and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from the National University of San Agustin, Arequipa, Peru, in 1999 and Ph.D. degree from the Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil, in 2012. He is currently a Professor with the National University of San Agustin. His interests include distributed generation and renewable energy sources.

Telles B. Lazzarin, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis – SC, Brazil

was born in Criciuma, Santa Catarina State, Brazil, in 1979. He received the B.Sc., M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, Brazil, in 2004, 2006 and 2010, respectively. He is currently an Adjunct Professor with the Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering (EEL) at the UFSC. He was a Postdoctoral Fellow at the UFSC, Florianopolis, Brazil, in 2011 and a Visiting Researcher at the Northeastern University, Boston, USA, from 2017 to 2018. He has been an Associate Editor for the Brazilian Power Electronics Journal and IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics (OJ-PEL) since 2020.

References

F. Blaabjerg, Y. Yang, D. Yang, X. Wang, "DistributedPower-Generation Systems and Protection",Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 105, no. 7, pp.1311-1331, July 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2017.2696878 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2017.2696878

M. Malinowski, A. Milczarek, Z. G. R. Kot, J. T.Szuster, "Optimized Energy-Conversion Systems forSmall Wind Turbines: Renewable energy sources inmodern distributed power generation systems",IEEEPower Electronics Magazine, September 2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2015.2447631 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2015.2447631

G. Tibola, "Small Wind Turbine System for ElectricEnergy Generation with Maximum Power PointTracking",M S Thesis, UFSC, Brazil, 2009.

F. Blaabjerg, M. Liserre, K. Ma., "Future on PowerElectronics for Wind Turbine Systems",IEEE Journalof Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 139-152, August 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2013.2275978 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2013.2275978

D. Zammit, C. S. Staines, A. Micallef, M. Apap.,"MPPT with Current Control for a PMSG Small WindTurbine in a Grid-Connected DC Microgrid",WindEnergy Exploitation in Urban Environment TurbWind2017 Green Energy and Technology Springer, March2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74944-0_14 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74944-0_14

S. Kouro, D. V. J. I. Leon, L. G. Franquelo,"Grid-connected photovoltaic systems: An overviewof recent research and emerging PV convertertechnology",IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine,vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 47-61, March 2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIE.2014.2376976 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MIE.2014.2376976

J. W. Zapata, G. C. S. Kouro, H. Renaudineau,T. A. Meynard, "Analysis of Partial Power DC-DCConverters for Two-Stage Photovoltaic Systems",IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics inPower Electronics, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 591-603, March2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2018.2842638 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2018.2842638

K. S. H. Chen, T. H. H. Kim, R. Erickson,D. Maksimovic, "A 98.7% efficient compositeconverter architecture with application-tailoredefficiency characteristic",IEEE Transactions onPower Electronics, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 101-110,February 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2015.2398429 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2015.2398429

M. Kasper, D. Bortis, J. W. Kolar, "Classificationand comparative evaluation of PV panel-integratedDC-DC converter concepts",IEEE Trans on PowerElec, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 2511-2526, May 2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2013.2273399 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2013.2273399

K. A. Kim, P. S. Shenoy, P. T. Krein, "Converter ratinganalysis for photovoltaic differential power processingsystems",IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 1987-1997, April 2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2014.2326045 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2014.2326045

J. R. R. Zientarski, M. L. da S. Martins, J. R.Pinheiro, H. L. Hey, "Series-Connected Partial-PowerConverters Applied to PV Systems: A DesignApproach Based on Step-Up/Down Voltage RegulationRange",IEEE Trans on Power Elec, vol. 33, no. 9, pp.7622-7633, September 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2017.2765928 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2017.2765928

B.-D. Min, J.-P. Lee, J.-H. Kim, T.-J. Kim, D.-W.Yoo, E.-H. Song, "A new topology with high efficiencythroughout all load range for photovoltaic PCS",IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 56, no. 11,pp. 4427-4435, November 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2008.928098 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2008.928098

J. P. Lee, B. D. Min, T. J. Kim, D. W. Yoo, J. Y.Yoo, "A novel topology for photovoltaic DC/DC full-bridge converter with flat efficiency under wide PVmodule voltage and load range",IEEE Transactions onIndustrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 2655-2663,July 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2008.924165 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2008.924165

M. S. Agamy, M. H.-Todorovic, A. Elasser, S. Chi,R. L. Steigerwald, J. A. Sabate, A. J. McCann,L. Zhang, F. J. Mueller, "An efficient partialpower processing DC/DC converter for distributedPV architectures",IEEE Transactions on PowerElectronics, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 674-686, February2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2013.2255315 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2013.2255315

H. Zhou, J. Zhao, , Y. Han, "PV balancers: Concept,architectures, and realization",IEEE Transactions onPower Electronics,, vol. 30, no. 7, pp. 3479-3487, July2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2014.2343615 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2014.2343615

M. Chen, F. Gao, R. Li, , X. Li, "A dual-input centralcapacitor DC/DC converter for distributed photovoltaicarchitectures",IEEE Trans on Industry Applications,vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 305-318, January/February 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2016.2606604 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2016.2606604

V. M. Iyer, G. G. S. Gulur, S. Bhattacharya,"Extreme Fast Charging Station Architecture forElectric Vehicles with Partial Power Processing",IEEEApplied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition(APEC), March 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341082 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341082

T. Kanstad, M. B. Lillholm, Z. Zhang, "HighlyEfficient EV Battery Charger Using FractionalCharging Concept with SiC Devices",IEEE AppliedPower Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC),March 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2019.8722191 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2019.8722191

A. J. Balbino, R. G. de Almeida Cacau, T. B. Lazzarin,"Analysis of Partial-Power Processing Converters forSmall Wind Turbines Systems",IEEE 15th BrazilianPower Electronics Conference and 5th IEEE SouthernPower Electronics Conference (COBEP/SPEC), pp. 1-4, December 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065410 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP/SPEC44138.2019.9065410

A. J. Balbino, M. C. Tanca-Villanueva, T. B. Lazzarin,"A Full-Bridge Partial-Power Processing ConverterApplied to Small Wind Turbines Systems",IEEE 29thInternational Symposium on Industrial Electronics(ISIE), June 2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE45063.2020.9152275 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE45063.2020.9152275

J. Zhao, K. Yeates, , Y. Han, "Analysis ofhigh efficiency DC/DC converter processing partialinput/output power",IEEE 14th Workshop on Controland Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL), pp.1-8, June 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2013.6626440 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2013.6626440

J. R. R. Zientarski, M. L. da S. Martins, J. R. Pinheiro,H. L. Hey, "Evaluation of Power Processing in Series-Connected Partial-Power Converters",IEEE Journal ofEmerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 343-351, March 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2018.2869370 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2018.2869370

Enersud, "Gerar 246 Wind Turbine TechnicalManual",Available in: wwwenersudcombr.

T. Burton, D. Sharpe, N. Jenkins, E. Bossanyi, "WindEnergy Handbook",John Wiley and Sons, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1002/0470846062 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/0470846062

H. Wang, C. Nayar, J. Su, M. Ding, "Control andInterfacing of a Grid-Connected Small-Scale WindTurbine Generator",IEEE Transactions on EnergyConversion, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 428-434, June 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2011.2116792 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2011.2116792

J. F. Gieras, R. J. Wang, M. J. Kamper, "Axial FluxPermanent Magnet Brushless Machines",Springer,2005.

J. A. Sabate, V. Vlatkovic, R. B. Ridley, F. C. Lee,B. H. Cho, "Design considerations for high-voltagehigh-power full-bridge zero-voltage-switched PWMconverter",Fifth Annual Proceedings on AppliedPower Electronics Conference and Exposition, p.275-284, March 1990. https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1990.66420 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1990.66420

V. Vlatkovic, J. A. Sabaté, R. B. Ridley, F. C. Lee,B. H. Cho, "Small-Signal Analysis of the Phase-Shifted PWM Converter",IEEE Transactions onPower Electronics, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 128-135, January1992. https://doi.org/10.1109/63.124585 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/63.124585

E. Koutroulis, K. Kalaitzakis, "Design of a maximumpower tracking system for wind-energy-conversionapplications",IEEE Transactions on IndustrialElectronics, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 486-494, April 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2006.870658 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2006.870658