Wind Energy Conversion System Based on DFIG with Three-Phase Series Grid Side Converter and Single DC-Link
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2021.2.0067Keywords:
DFIG, TransformerlessAbstract
In this paper, a wind energy conversion system based on doubly-fed induction generator with an additional series grid side converter without transformer is proposed. Stator voltages may be compensated by series grid side converter under distorted and unbalanced grid voltage sags, thus avoiding over-current in the rotor, over-voltage in the dc-link, double-frequency oscillations in the electromagnetic torque, and rotor over-speed. Moreover, the control strategy of the proposed system allows reactive power to be injected during voltage sags. Simulation and experimental results are presented to evaluate the proposed system.
Downloads
References
A. Gomez-Expósito, A. J. Conejo, C. Cañizares, Eletric Energy Systems: Analysis and Operation, 1 ed., LTC, 2011.
C. W. E. A. CWEA, WWEA Quarterly Bulletin - Special Issue: World Wind Energy Report 2014, 1 ed., World Wind Energy Association - WWEA, 2015.
S. V. Dias, T. R. F. Neto, L. L. N. Reis, B. C. Torrico, J. C. T. Campos, "Controlador de Corrente Preditivo Contínuo com Antiwindup Aplicado a um Sistema de Geração Eólico Baseado em DFIG", Eletrônica de Poténcia, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 71-80, jan./mar. 2017 https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2017.1.2650 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2017.1.2650
H. Polinder, F. F. A. van der Pijl, G.-J. de Vilder, P. Tavner, "Comparison of Direct-Drive and Geared Generator Concepts for Wind Turbines", IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 725-233, Sep 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2006.875476 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2006.875476
F. Blaabjerg, Z. Chen, S. B. Kjaer, "Power Electronics as Efficient Interface in Dispersed Power Generation Systems", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 1184-1194, Sep. 2004. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2004.833453 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2004.833453
A. Sguarezi Filho, J. C. Cardoso, "Energia eólica: tipos de geradores e conversores usados atualmente", O Setor Elétrico - Espaço do IEEE, pp. 160 - 161, Maio 2014.
H. Mohammadpour, S. G. Zadeh, S. Tohidi, "Symmetrical and asymmetrical low-voltage ride through of doubly-fed induction generator wind turbines using gate controlled series capacitor", IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 840-846, Aug. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2014.0405 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2014.0405
H. Nian, Y. Song, P. Zhou, Y. He, "Improved Direct Power Control of a Wind Turbine Driven Doubly Fed Induction Generator During Transient Grid Voltage Unbalance", IEEE Trans Energy Convers, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 976-986, March 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2011.2158436 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2011.2158436
G. Abad, M. A. RodrÃguez, G. Iwanski, J. Poza, "Direct Power Control of Double-Fed-InductionGenerator-Based Wind Turbines Under Unbalanced Grid Voltage", IEEE Trans Power Electronics, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 442-452, Feb. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2009.2027438 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2009.2027438
A. J. S. Filho, A. L. F. Murari, C. E. Capovilla, J. A. Altuna, R. V. Jacomini, "A State Feedback DFIG Power Control for Wind Generation", Eletrônica de Potência, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 151-159, mar./mai. 2015. https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2015.2.151159 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2015.2.151159
O. Abdel-Baqi, A. Nasiri, "Series Voltage Compensation for DFIG Wind Turbine Low-Voltage Ride-Through Solution", IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 272-280, Jan. 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2010.2094620 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2010.2094620
H. Xu, J. Hu, Y. He, "Operation of Wind-TurbineDriven DFIG Systems Under Distorted Grid Voltage Conditions: Analysis and Experimental Validations", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 2354-2366, May 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2011.2174255 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2011.2174255
J. Yao, H. Li, Z. Chen, X. Xia, X. Chen, Q. Li, Y. Liao, "Enhanced Control of a DFIG-Based Wind-Power Generation System With Series Grid-Side Converter Under Unbalanced Grid Voltage Conditions", IEEE Trans Power Electron, vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 3167-3181, Sep 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2012.2219884
F. K. A. Lima, C. G. C. Branco, "Modelo em Malha Fechada para o Gerador de Indução Duplamente Alimentado Baseado em Controladores Proporcional e Integral", Eletrônica de Poténcia, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 81-90, mar./jun. 2016. https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2016.2.2559 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2016.2.2559
P. S. Flannery, G. Venkataramanan, "A Fault Tolerant Doubly Fed Induction Generator Wind Turbine Using a Parallel Grid Side Rectifier and Series Grid Side Converter", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 23, no. 3, May 2008, https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2008.921179 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2008.921179
S. Omar, A. Helal, I. Elarabawy, "Stator voltage sensorless DFIG with low voltage ride-through capability using series and parallel grid side converters", in 2016 7th International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC), pp. 1-6, Mar. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/IREC.2016.7478953 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IREC.2016.7478953
P. S. Flannery, G. Venkataramanan, "Unbalanced Voltage Sag Ride-Through of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator Wind Turbine With Series Grid-Side Converter", IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 1879-1887, Sep. 2009, https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2009.2027540 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2009.2027540
C. Zhan, C. D. Barker, "Fault ride-through capability investigation of a doubly-fed induction generator with an additional series-connected voltage source converter", in The 8th IEE International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission, pp. 79-84, Mar. 2006. https://doi.org/10.1049/cp:20060017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1049/cp:20060017
F. K. A. Lima, E. H. Watanabe, P. Rodríguez, A. Luna, "Controle de Gerador de Indução Duplamente Alimentado Diante de Afundamentos de Tensão", Eletrônica de Potência, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 189-199, ago. 2009. https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2009.3.189199 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2009.3.189199
P. S. Flannery, G. Venkataramanan, "Evaluation of Voltage Sag Ride-Through of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator Wind Turbine with Series Grid Side Converter", in 2007 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, pp. 1839-1845, June 2007, https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2007.4342281 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2007.4342281
Y. Boukhris, A. E. Makrini, H. E. Moussaoui, H. E. Markhi, "High voltage ride-through capability using series grid side converter for doubly fed induction generator based wind turbines", in 2015 3rd IRSEC, Dec 2015, https://doi.org/10.1109/IRSEC.2015.7454961 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IRSEC.2015.7454961
M. Bahramipanah, G. Farivar, S. Afsharnia, "DFIG wind turbine three single phase grid side converters strategy control", in 2012 3rd Power Electronics and Drive Systems Technology (PEDSTC), pp. 336-341, Feb. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/PEDSTC.2012.6183351 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/PEDSTC.2012.6183351
O. Abdel-Baqi, A. Esmaili, A. Nasiri, "Digital control of three-phase series converter for DFIG wind turbine low voltage ride-through solution", in 2011 Twenty-Sixth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), pp. 946-951, Mar. 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2011.5744708 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2011.5744708
K. E. Okedu, "Enhancing DFIG wind turbine during three-phase fault using parallel interleaved converters and dynamic resistor", IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 1211-1219, Sep. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2015.0607 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2015.0607
O. N. do Sistema, Submódulo 2.10 - Requisitos técnicos mínimos para a conexão ás instalações de transmissão, 1 ed., ONS, 2020.
A. M. A. Haidar, M. K. M., M. T. Hagh, "A Coordinated Control Approach for DC link and Rotor Crowbars to Improve Fault Ride-Through of DFIGBased Wind Turbine", IEEE Trans Indus Appl, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 4073-4086, Mar. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2017.2686341 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2017.2686341
P. Cheng, H. Nian, "Collaborative Control of DFIG System During Network Unbalance Using ReducedOrder Generalized Integrators", IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 453 - 464, June 2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2014.2363671 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2014.2363671
J.-I. Jang, Y.-S. Kim, D.-C. Lee, "Active and Reactive Power Control of DFIG for Wind Energy Conversion under Unbalanced Grid Voltage", in Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2006, vol. 3, pp. 1 - 5, Shanghai, China, Aug. 2006, iPEMC 2006. CES/IEEE 5th International. https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEMC.2006.4778245 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEMC.2006.4778245
S. Seman, J. Niiranen, S. Kanerva, A. Arkkio, J. Saitz, "Performance Study of a Doubly Fed Wind-power Induction Generator under Network Disturbances", IEEE Trans Energy Conversion, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 883 - 890, Dec. 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2005.853741 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2005.853741
S. Seman, J. Niiranen, A. Arkkio, "Ride-Through Analysis of Doubly Fed Induction Wind-Power Generator Under Unsymmetrical Network Disturbance", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 1782 - 1789, Nov. 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2006.882471 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2006.882471
A. O. Ibrahim, T. H. Nguyen, D. Lee, S. Kim, "A Fault Ride-Through Technique of DFIG Wind Turbine Systems Using Dynamic Voltage Restorers", IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 871-882, Sep. 2011, https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2011.2158102 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2011.2158102
J. Hu, Y. He, "Modeling and enhanced control of DFIG under unbalanced grid voltage conditions", ELSEVIER Electric Power System Research, vol. 79, no. 2, pp. 273-281, Feb. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2008.06.017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2008.06.017
Í. A. C. de Oliveira, N. Rocha, E. R. C. da Silva, C. B. Jacobina, I. S. de Freitas, "A stationary stator reference frame control of DFIG under unbalanced voltage conditions", in 2015 IEEE 13th Brazilian Power Electronics Conference and 1st Southern Power Electronics Conference (COBEP/SPEC), pp. 1-6, Nov 2015, https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP.2015.7420044 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP.2015.7420044
V. F. Mendes, H. Pereira, F. F. Matos, W. Hofmann, S. R. Silva, "Doubly-fed induction generator control during unbalanced grid conditions", in Power Electronics Conference and 1st Southern Power Electronics Conference (COBEP/SPEC), Feb. 2016, 2015 IEEE 13th Brazilian. https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP.2015.7420211 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/COBEP.2015.7420211
Y. Liao, H. Li, J. Yao, K. Zhuang, "Operation and control of a grid-connected DFIG-based wind turbine with series grid-side converter during network unbalance", ELSEVIER Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 81, no. 1, pp. 228 - 236, Sep 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2010.09.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2010.09.002
A. Luna, K. Lima, F. Corcoles, E. Watanabe, P. Rodriguez, R. Teodorescu, "Control of DFIGWT under unbalanced grid voltage conditions", in 2009 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, pp. 370-377, Sep. 2009, doi: 10.1109/ECCE.2009.5316125. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2009.5316125 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2009.5316125
H. Xu, J. Hu, Y. He, "Integrated Modeling and Enhanced Control of DFIG Under Unbalanced and Distorted Grid Voltage Conditions", IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 725-736, Sep. 2012, doi:10.1109/TEC.2012.2199495. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2012.2199495 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2012.2199495
M. E. Zarei, B. Asaei, "Predictive direct torque control of DFIG under unbalanced and distorted stator voltage conditions", in 2013 12th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering, pp. 507-512, May 2013, doi:10.1109/EEEIC.2013.6549568. https://doi.org/10.1109/EEEIC.2013.6549568 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/EEEIC.2013.6549568
N. N. Joshi, N. Mohan, "New Scheme to Connect DFIG to Power Grid", in IECON 2006 - 32nd Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics, pp. 4225- 4230, Sep/Oct 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2006.347881 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2006.347881
J. R. Massing, H. Pinheiro, "Design and control of doubly-fed induction generators with series grid-side converter", in 2008 34th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics, pp. 139-145, Nov. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2008.4757942 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2008.4757942
V. P. Suppioni, A. P. Grilo, J. C. Teixeira, "Methodology for grid voltage unbalance compensation appling a two-converter series DFIG topology", in 2015 IEEE 15th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC), pp. 1736-1741, Jul. 2015, doi:10.1109/EEEIC.2015.7165434. https://doi.org/10.1109/EEEIC.2015.7165434 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/EEEIC.2015.7165434
B. Jahanbakhsh, D. Xu, "Improved low voltage ride through capability of doubly fed induction generator using series grid side converter", in Proceedings of The 7th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, pp. 2207-2211, Jun. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEMC.2012.6259189 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEMC.2012.6259189
Z. Din, J. Zhang, J. Zhao, Y. Jiang, "Doubly Fed Induction Generator with Cascade Converter for Improving Dynamic Performances", in 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), pp. 2568-2575, Sep. 2018, doi:10.1109/ECCE.2018.8558069. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2018.8558069 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2018.8558069
I. A. C. de Oliveira, C. B. Jacobina, N. Rocha, P. L. S. Rodrigues, "Wind Energy Conversion System Based on DFIG with Three-Phase Series Active Filter Operating with Floating Capacitors", in 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), pp. 5500-5507, Sep. 2018, doi: 10.1109/ECCE.2018.8558422. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2018.8558422
A. Javadi, H. F. Blanchette, K. Al-Haddad, "A novel transformerless hybrid series active filter", in IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 5312-5317, Oct. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2012.6389536 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2012.6389536
I. A. C. Oliveira, N. Rocha, E. R. C. Silva, L. M. S. Siqueira, E. C. Menezes, C. B. Jacobina, "Wind energy conversion system based on DFIG with series grid side converter without transformer", in Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2017 IEEE, pp. 3281-3288, Oct. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2017.8096593 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2017.8096593
I. A. C. de Oliveira, C. B. Jacobina, N. Rocha, P. L. S. Rodrigues, "Wind Energy Conversion System Based On DFIG With Three-Phase Series Active Filter And Single DC-Link", in 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), pp. 4544-4551, Sep. 2018, doi:10.1109/ECCE.2018.8558028. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2018.8558028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2018.8558422
J. Holtz, X. Qi, "Optimal Control of Medium Voltage Drives An Overview", IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60, no. 12, pp. 5472-5481, Dec. 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2012.2230594 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2012.2230594
D. Wu, X. Wu, L. Su, X. Yuan, J. Xu, "A Dual ThreeLevel Inverter-Based Open-End Winding Induction Motor Drive With Averaged Zero-Sequence Voltage Elimination and Neutral-Point Voltage Balance", IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 63, no. 8,pp. 4783-4795, Aug. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2016.2544721 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2016.2544721
J. Yao, H. Li, Z. Chen, X. Xia, X. Chen, Q. Li, Y. Liao, "Enhanced Control of a DFIG-Based Wind-Power Generation System With Series Grid-Side Converter Under Unbalanced Grid Voltage Conditions", IEEE Trans Power Electron, vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 3167-3181, July 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2012.2219884 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2012.2219884
H. Qi, Y. Wu, Y. Bi, "The main parameters design based on three-phase voltage source PWM rectifier of voltage oriented control", in 2014 International Conference on Information Science, Electronics and Electrical Engineering, vol. 1, pp. 10-13, April 2014, doi:10.1109/InfoSEEE.2014.6948057. https://doi.org/10.1109/InfoSEEE.2014.6948057 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/InfoSEEE.2014.6948057
M. K. Bourdoulis, A. T. Alexandridis, "Nonlinear stability analysis of DFIG wind generators in voltage oriented control operation", in 2013 European Control Conference (ECC), pp. 484-489, July 2013, doi: 10.23919/ECC.2013.6669692. https://doi.org/10.23919/ECC.2013.6669692 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23919/ECC.2013.6669692
O. Anaya-Lara, D. Campos-Gaona, E. L. MorenoGoytia, G. P. Adam, Offshore wind energy generation : control, protection, and integration to electrical systems, 1 ed., Wiley, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118701638 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118701638
P. Rodriguez, R. Teodorescu, I. Candela, A. V. Timbus, M. Liserre, F. Blaabjerg, "New Positive-sequence Voltage Detector for Grid Synchronization of Power Converters under Faulty Grid Conditions", in Power Electronics Specialists Conference (PESC), pp. 1 - 7, Jun. 2006, pESC '06. 37th IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/pesc.2006.1712059 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/pesc.2006.1712059
C. B. Jacobina, M. B. R. Correa, R. F. Pinheiro, E. R. C. Silva, "Modeling and Control of Unbalanced Three-phase Systems containing PWM Converters", in Industry Applications Conference, 1999. Thirty-Fourth IAS Annual Meeting, vol. 4, pp. 2173 - 2179, Phoenix, Az, USA, Oct. 1999, conference Record of the 1999 IEEE.
C. Zou, B. Liu, S. Duan, R. Li, "Stationary Frame Equivalent Model of Proportional-Integral Controller in dq Synchronous Frame", IEEE Trans Power Electron, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 4461-4465, Sep. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2013.2296789 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2013.2296789
M. H. J. Bollen, G. Olguin, M. Martins, "Voltage Dips at the Terminals of Wind Power Installations", Nordic Wind Power Conference, Mar 2004. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.161 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/we.161
H. Kubo, Y. Yamamoto, T. Kondo, K. Rajashekara, B. Zhu, "Zero-sequence current suppression for openend winding induction motor drive with resonant controller", in IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, pp. 2788-2793, Mar. 2016, aPEC 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7468259 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7468259
J. Korhonen, J. Honkanen, T. J. KÃrkkÃinen, J. Nerg, P. Silventoinen, "Modulation and control methods to reduce zero sequence current in open-end winding motors", in IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference, pp. 1-6, May 2017, iEMDC 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2017.8002253 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2017.8002253
M. H. Rashid, Power Electronics Handbook: Devices, Circuits, and Applications., 1 ed., ButterworthHeinemann, 2011
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Eletrônica de Potência
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.