Inversores Comutados pela Rede Associados a um Autotransformador Multipulsos para a Geração Fotovoltaica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2016.3.2602Keywords:
Geração Fotovoltaica, Inversores Comutados pela Rede, Inversores Conectados à Rede, Transformadores MultipulsosAbstract
Conversores não isolados aplicados a sistemas fotovoltaicos normalmente possuem algumas vantagens em relação aos conversores isolados como redução de custos e melhor eficiência devido, principalmente, à ausência de um transformador. Neste contexto, uma alternativa para o processamento da energia obtida pelos painéis fotovoltaicos é o uso de um autotransformador multipulsos associado a retificadores controlados com ângulo de disparo entre 90°-180° (inversores comutados pela rede). Esta solução possui algumas vantagens como robustez, baixa manutenção, alta confiabilidade e baixo custo, além de ser muito adequada para geração fotovoltaica em locais remotos onde estas vantagens são mais importantes que a redução de volume. Outra importante característica é que a associação dos enrolamentos do autotransformador gera sistemas trifásicos defasados entre si, reduzindo a quantidade do conteúdo harmônico das correntes injetadas na rede. Este artigo apresenta um conversor de 18 pulsos usando um autotransformador com conexão Y diferencial fechada. A potência processada pelo autotransformador é apenas 21,9% da potência total fornecida ao sistema, aumentando a eficiência e reduzindo o custo total.
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