Estudo de Conversores Estáticos Ca-ca Monofásicos e Trifásicos Baseados no Princípio do Capacitor Chaveado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2015.2.160171Keywords:
Capacitor Chaveado, Conversor CA-CA, Diagrama Fasorial, Resultados ExperimentaisAbstract
Este artigo apresenta uma célula básica bidirecional a capacitor chaveado para a conversão direta CA-CA. A partir desta célula são discutidas duas topologias CA-CA, uma monofásica e outra trifásica, e proposta uma terceira topologia CA-CA trifásica com número de interruptores reduzido, denominada delta-aberto. Essas topologias utilizam apenas capacitores e interruptores no estágio de potência, apresentam ganho fixo, operam em malha aberta, com valores constantes de razão cíclica e frequência, apresentam alta eficiência e elevada densidade de potência, típicas características de capacitores chaveados. A principal vantagem das topologias abordadas é a não utilização de elementos indutivos no circuito de potência, o que reduz significativamente o volume e peso da estrutura. Os conversores são adequados para a implementação de transformadores eletrônicos e possuem potencial para substituir o autotransformador em aplicações residenciais, comerciais e industriais. Estudo, análise e comprovação experimental são apresentados para os seguintes conversores: monofásico de 1 kW, trifásico de 6 kW e trifásico com conexão delta-aberto de 3,5 kW, todos para 220 V/110 V. As topologias operam com uma frequência de comutação de 100 kHz. Resultados experimentais expressivos, como eficiência em torno de 93 % em plena carga, são apresentados e comprovam o potencial de aplicação das topologias.
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