Contribuição ao Estudo dos Principais Algoritmos de Extração da Máxima Potência dos Painéis Fotovoltaicos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2012.3.592600Keywords:
Eficiência Energética, Energia Solar, MPPT Adaptativos, Painéis Fotovoltaicos, Técnicas de MPPTAbstract
Este artigo apresenta as principais técnicas de extração da máxima potência dos painéis fotovoltaicos (MPPT), realizando extensas comparações no que diz respeito à quantidade de energia extraída em relação à máxima disponível (FR - Fator de Rastreamento), ondulação de potência em regime permanente, respostas dinâmicas e uso de sensores. Através das plataformas MatLab/Simulink® e DSpace, um conversor boost CC/CC foi implementado e conectado a um emulador de painéis solares a fim de verificar apropriadamente cada algoritmo. Os principais resultados experimentais para os métodos convencionais e também para os novos algoritmos desenvolvidos, denominados de IC baseado em PI e P&O baseado em PI, são apresentados. Além disso, a resposta dinâmica e o FR são avaliados através de uma plataforma amigável ao usuário, que é capaz de programar remotamente os simuladores de painéis fotovoltaicos e realizar o cálculo instantâneo do FR. Finalmente, um perfil de insolação diária típica é utilizado para avaliar os principais algoritmos.
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