Power Control Strategy for Grid-Connected Inverters in Stationary Reference Frame

Lucas S. Xavier; Allan F. Cupertino; Heverton A. Pereira; Victor F. Mendes

doi:10.18618/REP.2022.2.0048

Authors

Lucas S. Xavier Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Allan F. Cupertino Department of Materials Engineering, Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Heverton A. Pereira Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Viçosa, MG, Brazil
Victor F. Mendes Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2022.2.0048

Keywords:

Battery Energy Storage Systems, Active Power Control, Instantaneous Power Theory, Reactive Power Control, Square Voltage Control, Stationary Reference Frame

Abstract

The control of grid-connected converters in stationary reference frame has been investigated in several works of literature. One of the challenges of this method is in the computation of the current computing current references as a function of power references. In some works, this issue has been solved based on instantaneous power theory equations described in the stationary reference frame. However, this approach can lead to steady-state errors in the injected power if there is an error in the current control loop, which is the focus of this investigation. Firstly, analytical expressions are derived to investigate the effect of current loop steady-state error in the active and reactive power injected into the grid. Then, this paper proposes a closed-loop power control for grid-connected inverters controlled in the stationary reference frame. This strategy is experimentally investigated in two power conversion system configurations for battery energy storage systems. The results indicate that the proposed scheme guarantees zero steady-state error in the injected power even when the current loop presents an amplitude and phase steady-state error.

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Author Biographies

Lucas S. Xavier, Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil, and the M.Sc.degree in electrical engineering from the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in 2016 and 2018, respectively. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in design and control of grid-connected converters for battery energy storage systems at the Federal University of Minas Gerais.

Allan F. Cupertino, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV) in 2013, the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) in 2015 and 2019, respectively. He was a guest Ph.D. at the Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University from 2018 to 2019. Since 2014, he has been with the Materials Engineering Department at the Federal Center of Technological Education of Minas Gerais (CEFET). His main research interests include renewable power generation systems, multifunctional inverters, modular multilevel converters, and reliability of power electronicsbased systems. Prof. Cupertino was the recipient of the President Bernardes Silver Medal in 2013. He received the SOBRAEP Ph.D. Thesis Award in 2020 and the IEEE IAS CMD Student Thesis Contest in 2021.

Heverton A. Pereira, Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Viçosa, MG, Brazil

received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Brazil, the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil, and the Ph.D. degree from the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in 2007, 2009, and 2015, respectively. In 2014, he was a Guest Ph.D. Scholar with the Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark. Since 2009, he has been an Adjunct Professor with the Electric Engineering Department, UFV. His main research interests include grid-connected converters for photovoltaic and wind power systems, and high-voltage dc/flexible ac transmission system based on MMC.

Victor F. Mendes, Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

received the B.E.E. degree in control and automation engineering, and the M.E.E.and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG),Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in 2008, 2009, and 2013,respectively.During 2010, he developed a part of his thesis with the Dresden University of Technology, Dresden,Germany. In 2020, he was a Postdoctoral Researcher with Laboratoire Laplace, Toulouse, France. He is currently a Professor with UFMG, Belo Horizonte.His main research areas are wind and photovoltaic energy conversion, applications and control of power electronics, and power quality aspects of distributed generation grid integration.

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