A Battery Energy Storage System Based On A Multilevel Cascade Pwm Converter

Hirofumi Akagi; Laxman Maharjan

doi:10.18618/REP.2009.4.221231

Authors

Hirofumi Akagi Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Laxman Maharjan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2009.4.221231

Keywords:

Battery energy storage system (BESS), cascade converters, fault-tolerant control, state-of-charge (SOC) balancing

Abstract

This paper describes a 6.6-kV battery energy storage system based on a multilevel cascade PWM (pulsewidth- modulation) converter with star configuration. It discusses design concepts with and without a linefrequency transformer for grid connection. The control system consists of state-of-charge (SOC)-balancing control and fault-tolerant control. The former is indispensable for effective utilization of battery energy while the latter is required for maintaining continuous operation during a converter-cell or battery-unit fault. A 200-V, 10-kW, 3.6- kWh laboratory system combining a three-phase cascade PWM converter with nine nickel-metal-hydride (NiMH) battery units is designed, constructed, and tested to verify the validity and effectiveness of the proposed control system.

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Author Biographies

Hirofumi Akagi, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan

was born in Okayama, Japan, on August 19, 1951. He received the B.S. degree from Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan, in 1974, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan, in 1976 and 1979, respectively, all in electrical engineering. During 1979, he was an Assistant Professor with Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, where he later became an Associate Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering. For a period of ten months during 1987, he was a Visiting Scientist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, where he was also a Visiting Professor from June to August in 1996. From 1991 to 1999, he was a Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Okayama University, Okayama. From March to May 1996, he was a Visiting Professor at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Since January 2000, he has been a Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology. He has been a keynote or an invited speaker at international conferences. He has authored or coauthored more than 80 IEEE TRANSACTIONS papers, and two invited papers published in the PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE. The total citation index for his papers in Google Scholar is more than 7000. His current research interests include power conversion systems, ac motor drives, active and passive electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters, high-frequency resonant inverters for induction heating and corona discharge treatment processes, and utility applications of power electronics such as active filters, self-commutated back-to-back (BTB) systems, and flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) devices. Dr. Akagi was elected as a Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE Power Electronics Society and the IEEE Industry Applications Society for 1998-1999. He received two IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Prize Paper Awards in 1991 and 2004, two IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics Prize Paper Awards in 1999 and 2003, nine IEEE Industry Applications Society Committee Prize Paper Awards, the 2001 IEEE William E. Newell Power Electronics Award, the 2004 IEEE Industry Applications Society Outstanding Achievement Award, and the 2008 IEEE Richard H. Kaufmann Technical Field Award. He served as the President of the IEEE PELS for 2007-2008.

Laxman Maharjan, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan

was born in Lalitpur, Nepal, on January 2, 1979. He received the B.E. degree in Electrical Engineering from Tribhuvan University, Institute of Engineering, Lalitpur, Nepal, in 2002. He was a research student in Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan, from October 2004 to March 2005. He received the M.S. degree in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from Tokyo Institute of Technology in 2007. Since 2007, he has been working toward the Ph.D. degree in the same university. His research interests include cascade multilevel converters and energy storage systems.

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