Ancillary Services to Mitigate Non-linear and Unbalanced Load Based on CPT Using a DFIG Power Plant

Carlos Leonardo A. Hinostroza; João Pedro C. Silveira; Marcelo Vinicius de Paula; Pedro José dos Santos Neto; Ernesto Ruppert Filho; Tárcio André S. Barros

doi:10.18618/REP.e202453

Authors

Carlos Leonardo A. Hinostroza Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9754-9355
João Pedro C. Silveira Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-273X
Marcelo Vinicius de Paula Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2213-6086
Pedro José dos Santos Neto Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6249-1923
Ernesto Ruppert Filho Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Tárcio André S. Barros Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9413-1279

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.e202453

Keywords:

Ancillary services, conservative power theory, doubly fed induction generator, wind energy conversion system

Abstract

The increase of renewable energy sources and non-linear loads on the utility grid introduces challenges in maintaining the nominal conditions of the utility grid. A viable approach to addressing some of these challenges is to utilize renewable energy conversion systems that accomplish supplementary functions in addition to supplying active power. This paper presents the implementation of ancillary services to mitigate non-linear and unbalanced loads using a single Doubly Fed Induction Generation (DFIG) power plant. For this, the Conservative Power Theory (CPT) is used to provide three types of services simultaneously: active filtering, reactive power compensation, and unbalanced phase compensation. A back-to-back converter is used to control the power flow in the DFIG and employ ancillary services. Two control strategies are compared: in the dq reference frame and the $\alpha \beta$ reference frame. Simulations in MatLab/Simulink are used to evaluate the response of the CPT and the control strategies. The ancillary services performance is analyzed using the indicator based on standards and CPT factor. The results show that the indicators comply with the standards depending on the active power supply. Moreover, $\alpha\beta$ reference frame exhibits better performance than $dq$ reference frame.

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Author Biographies

Carlos Leonardo A. Hinostroza, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)

received the B.S. degree in electronic engineering from National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú, in 2018, and M.S. degree in electrical engineering from University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil, in 2022. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree from the University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil. He involves in the areas of power electronic and electrical machines. His research interests include renewable energy and power quality.

João Pedro C. Silveira, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)

received the B.S. degree in energy engineering, in 2013, and M.S. degree in electrical engineering, in 2016, both from the University of Brasilia (UnB), Brasilia, Brazil. He received the Ph.D. degree in the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil, at the Power Electronics Laboratory (LEPO). He is currently as collaborator professor in School Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP, and postdoctoral researcher in the LEPO. He works in the areas of power electronics applications and electrical drives. His research interests include microgrids, renewable energy, photovoltaic systems, energy storage systems, reliability assessment, power quality, and machine driving.

Marcelo Vinicius de Paula , Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)

received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the Federal University of Goi\'{a}s, Brazil, in 2016, the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil, in 2018, and Ph.D. in mechatronics engineering from UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil, 2022. Currently, he is a Professor at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of UNICAMP. He involves in the areas of electric machines and drives, power electronics, and transportation electrification. His research interests include renewable energy, electric machine drives and electric vehicles.

Pedro José dos Santos Neto, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)

received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the Federal University of Vale do Sao Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil, in 2016, the M.S. degree from the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil, in 2017, and the Ph.D. degree from UNICAMP, in 2021, under the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Scholarship Program. In 2019, he was a Guest Ph.D. Visitor with the Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), Aalborg University, Aalborg East, Denmark.
He is currently a Professor with the Mechanical Engineering Faculty, UNICAMP. He works in the areas of microgrids, electrical machines, and power electronics. His research interests include DC microgrids, Wind Systems, and vehicle electrification. He is a member of the IEEE and the Brazilian Society of Power Electronics (SOBRAEP).

Ernesto Ruppert Filho, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)

received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil, in 1971, 1974, and 1983, respectively. From 1972 to 1978, he was with the Electrical and Computer Engineering School, UNICAMP, as an Assistant Professor of electromechanical energy conversion. From 1979 to 1983, he was with General Electric, Brazil, designing large induction and synchronous motors and working as an Application Engineer dedicated to large motors and generators. He is currently a Full Professor with the Electrical and Computer Engineering School, UNICAMP, researching and teaching in the areas of electrical machines, power electronics, drives, and electrical power systems.

Tárcio André S. Barros, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)

received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil, in 2010, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil, in 2012 and 2015, respectively. From 2016 to 2017, he was a Researcher with the Power Electronics Laboratory (LEPO), University of Campinas, under the FAPESP Postdoctoral Program. He is currently a Professor with the Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty, UNICAMP, and the Coordinating Member of the Brazilian Government Program ROTA 2030-FUNDEP (biofuel, vehicle safety, and alternative propulsion systems to combustion). He works in the areas of electrical machines, power electronics, electrical vehicles, and electrical drives. His research interests include machine drives, switched reluctance machines, doubly fed induction generators, and solar energy. He is a member of the Brazilian Society of Power Electronics (SOBRAEP).

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