Power Electronics: Historical Notes, Recent Advances And Contemporary Challenges
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18618/REP.2020.4.00701Keywords:
electronic power grid (eGrid), flexible autonomous power substations (FAPS), flexible electronic large power transformers (FeLPTs), Power Electronics, power electronics and systems (PEAS), Power supply on chip (PwrSoc), wireless powerAbstract
This paper attempts to summarize 10 major contemporary challenges for power electronics and system technology (PEAS technology). Historical background is first reviewed together with most recent technological advances. Recent advances are then discussed in detail. A recent breakthrough in megawatt system design and design verification is highlighted. We then articulate the challenges that PEAS technology is facing contemporarily. They are: Powering smart buildings, smart factories, and smart infrastructure, Renewable energy integration and structured microgrids, EV drives and vehicle power systems, Ultra-fast and ultra-efficient chargers, Appliances - “White goods,” Server and data center power systems’ Wireless power transfer, Powering IoT and wireless sensor networks, Storage and “power dump,” and ATGC (All things grid connected), system integration, and dynamic control. These 10 areas present technical barriers for us to overcome and anticipated progress will help define the future of power electronics and its impact to the power and energy industry at large.
Downloads
References
D. Tan, "Emerging System Applications and Technological Trends in Power Electronics," IEEE Power Electronics Magazine, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 38-47, June 2015.https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2015.2422051 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2015.2422051
D. Tan, "Electronictization: a foundation for grid modernization," CMP Journal of Electrical Engineering, Vol.1, No. 1, pp 1-10, Dec. 2015(Invited Opening Paper for Inaugural Issue).https://doi.org/10.23919/CJEE.2015.7933133 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23919/CJEE.2015.7933133
D. Tan and D. Novosel, "Towards a (more) electronic grid," CES Transactions on Electric Machines and Systems, pp. 15-25,Mar2017.(Invited Inaugural Issue Paper).https://doi.org/10.23919/TEMS.2017.7911105 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23919/TEMS.2017.7911105
D. Tan and D. Novosel, "Energy challenge, power electronics and systems (PEAS) technology and grid modernization," CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications, pp 3-11, Mar2017(Invited Inaugural Special Issue paper).https://doi.org/10.24295/CPSSTPEA.2017.00002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24295/CPSSTPEA.2017.00002
D. Tan and D. Novosel, "Six (6) basic characteristics of the future grid," Journal of Grid Technologies, Southern Grid, Vo. 11, No. 10, pp. 2-9,Jan2018 (Invited).
D. Tan, "Structured microgrids (SμGs) and flexible electronic large transformers," CES TEMS, Dec, 2020(Invited).https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2020.00032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2020.00032
Wikipedia, Mercury Arc Valve (Rectifier), Accessed on August 27, 2020 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury-arc_valve
Wikipedia, Thyratron, Accessed on August 27, 2020 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyratron
Greinacher, H., "Das Ionometer und seine Verwendung zur Messung von Radium-und Röntgenstrahlen" (The ionometer and its application to the measurement of radium-and Röntgen rays) Physikalische Zeitschrift (in German), 15, pp. 410-415, 1914.
J. D. Cockcroft and E. T. Walton, "Production of high-velocity positive ions," Proceedings of the Loyal Society, A, vol. 129, pp. 619-630,1932.https://doi.org/10.1038/129242a0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/129242a0
K. Gilmore, "Magnetic amplifiers: how they work and what they do," Popular Electronics, pp. 71-75 and p. 109, July1960.
R. B. Tomer, "Getting most out of your vacuum tubes,"Photofact Pubs, 1960
John G. Kassakian, "Power Electronics: Past, Present and Future," APEC2020.
C.-T. Sah, "Evolution of the MOS transistor -from conception to VLSI," IEEE Proceedings, pp5 1280-1326, Oct1988. https://doi.org/10.1109/5.16328 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/5.16328
J. A. Hoerni and R. N. Noyce, "Semiconductor planar process and integrated circuit, 1959"IEEE Milestones in Electrical Engineering and Computing, Palo Alto, CA (Dedicated on May 8, 2009).
R.R. Stoltenburg, "Boundary of Power MOSFET, unclamped inductive switching (UIS), avalanche current capability," IEEE APEC Proceedings, pp. 359-364, 1989.
A. Murray, H. Davis, J. Cao, K. Spring, and T. McDonald, "New power MOSFET technology with extreme ruggedness and ultra-low Rds(on) to Q101 for automotive applications," PCIM Proceedings, Power Conversion paper 4.5, Nurnbergpp. 103-107, 2000.
R. Schnell et al, "Next-generation high voltage packaging and IBGT/diode technology," PCIM Asia, 2016.
M. Schulz, "Heavy Duty Applications -A Challenge for Power Semiconductor Devices," PCIM Asia, 2016.
T. P. Chow, "Wide bandgap semiconductor power devices for energy efficient systems," 2ndIEEE Workshop on WBG Power Devices and Applications (WiPDA),pp. 402-405,2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/WiPDA.2015.7369328 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/WiPDA.2015.7369328
D. Tan, "WBG devices for space applications," 1st IEEE Workshop on WBG Power Devices and Applications (WiPDA), 2014 (Opening Keynote for the Series).
G. Deboy, M. Tery, O. Haeberlen, and D. Neumayi, "Si, SiC, and GaN power devices, an unbiased view on key performance indicators," IEEE IEDM, pp. 2021-2024, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEDM.2016.7838458 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IEDM.2016.7838458
B. Passmore et al., "The next generation of high voltage (10 kV) silicon carbide power modules," 4th IEEE Workshop on Wide Bandgap Power Devices and Applications (WiPDA), pp. 1-4, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/WiPDA.2016.7799900 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/WiPDA.2016.7799900
T. Morita, et al, "650V 3.1 mOhm*cm2 GaN based mo no lit hic bidirectional switch using normally-off gate injection transistor," IEEE IEDM, Washington DC, pp. 865-868, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEDM.2007.4419086 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IEDM.2007.4419086
S. Chowdhury, C. W. Hitchcock, Z. Stum, R. P. Dahal, I. B. Bhat and T. P. Chow, "Operating Principles, Design Considerations, and Experimental Characteristics of High-Voltage 4H-SiC Bidirectional IGBTs," IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 888-896, March 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2016.2631241 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2016.2631241
R. Marquardt, "Modular Multilevel Converter: An universal concept for HVDC-Networks and extended DC-Bus-applications, “The 2010 International Power Electronics Conference -ECCE ASIA -, Sapporo, pp. 502-507, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2010.5544594 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2010.5544594
D. Retzmann, "Modular multilevel converters: Technology and Principles," Siemens Energy Sector, Siemens AG, 2009.
D. Tan, "Power Electronics in 2025 and Beyond: A Focus on Power Electronics and Systems Technology," IEEE Power Electronics Magazine, Vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 33-36, Dec. 2017.https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2017.2760958 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2017.2760958
Z. M. Zhao, D. Tan, et al, "A breakthrough in megawatt power system design," IEEE Power Electronics Magazine, pp. 36-43, Sep2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2020.3011775 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2020.3011775
Z. Zhao, D. Tan and K. Li,"Transient Behaviours of Multiscale Megawatt Power Electronics Systems -Part I: Characteristics and Analysis," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 7-17,March 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2019.2894424 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2019.2894424
Z. Zhao, D. Tan, K. Li and L. Yuan,"Transient Behaviours of Multiscale Megawatt Power Electronics Systems -Part II: Design Techniques and Practical Applications," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 18-29, March 2019.https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2019.2894187 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2019.2894187
Linear Technology(Analog Devices, now), LTM4608 Datasheet, 2007.
F. Nodet, "Low-profile & mult i-terminal Silicon capacitors," IEEE Workshop on Power Supply on Chip (PwrSoC), 2018, Talk 3.3 (Murata/ipdia).
C. R. Sullivan, et al, "On size and magnetics: Why small efficient power inductor are rare," Symposium on3D Power Electronics Integration and Manufacturing (3D-PEIM, pp. 1-4), 2016.https://doi.org/10.1109/3DPEIM.2016.7570571 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/3DPEIM.2016.7570571
N. Sturchen, Integrated power management with ferromagnetic thin-film power inductors," IEEE Workshop on PwrSoC, 2018, Talk 4.2.
E. A. Burtonet al., "FIVR -Fully integrated voltage regulators on 4th generation Intel® Core™ SoCs, "IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, TX, pp. 432-439, 2014.
P. R. Morrow, J. Ted DiBene et al, "Design and fabrication of on-chip coupled inductors integrated with magnetic material for voltage regulators," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, pp. 1678-1686, June2011.https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2011.2116122 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2011.2116122
D. Lutz, P. Renz and B. Wicht, "An Integrated 3-mW 120/230-V AC Mains Micropower Supply," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 581-591, June 2018.https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2018.2798504 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2018.2798504
D. Tan, "Power electronics and top challenges," CES Cloud Forum: Leaders in Electrotechnology, Inaugural Talk, Aug.2020.
D. Tan, "Power electronics challenges," Personal communications with M. Tse,et al, Apr2018.
D. Tan, "Powering smart factories," CATS Panel on Smart Manufacturing, May, 2018 (Invited Keynote).
T. M. Jahns and B. Sarlioglu, "The quest for the disappearing motor drive," IEEE Power Electronic Magazine, pp. 18-27, Sep2020.https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2020.3011275 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2020.3011275
D. Tan, "Challenges in fast and ultra-fast EV chargers," 2nd IEEE ITES Asia-Pacific, Aug2017 (Keynote).
J. Lai, "Power electronics for household appliance revolution," IEEE ECCE-Asia, 2015 (Keynote).
O. Lior, "Data center facility basic," Challenges in Modern Data Centers Management, 2015.
D. Tan, "Power-conversion technology is going adiabatic," IEEE Power Electronics Magazine, pp. 47-53, Dec2015 https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2015.2486178 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MPEL.2015.2486178
D. Tan, et al, "A review of intermediate bus architecture: a system perspective," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol.2, no. 3, pp. 363-372, Sep2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2014.2303154 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2014.2303154
D. Tan, "Mult i-stage power processing -Near adiabatic conversion and high power density," IEEE Power Electronics Applications Conference, 2018 (Keynote).
D. Tan, "Ultra high power density demands 99% efficiency and 99% duty ratio," IEEE ECCE Plenary Keynote, Oct2019.
Wikipedia, Wireless power transfer, accessed on August 21, 2020https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_power_transfer
D. Tan, "Power electronics, transportation electrification, distributed smart systems, and beyond," Inaugural IEEE PELS Wireless Power workshop (WoW), Jun2015 (Opening keynote of the inaugural workshop).
D. Tan, "Powering distributed smart systems," Inaugural IEEE Wireless Power Week, Montreal, 2018 (Keynote).
P. Grover and A. Sahai, "Shannon meets Tesla: Wireless information and power transfer,"2010 IEEEInternational Symposium on Information Theory, Austin, TX, pp. 2363-2367, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIT.2010.5513714 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIT.2010.5513714
T. D. P. Perera, D. N. K. Jayakody, S. Chatzinotas and V. Sharma, "Wireless Information and Power Transfer: Issues, Advances, and Challenges,"2017 IEEE 86th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTCnference (VTCn-ference (VTC-ference (VTCFall), Toronto, ON, 2017.https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2017.8288396 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2017.8288396
J. A. Paradiso and T. Starner, "Energy harvesting for mobile and wireless electronics," Pervasive Computing Magazine, published by IEEE CS and IEEE ComSoc, pp. 18-27, Jan-Mar 2005. https://doi.org/10.1109/MPRV.2005.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MPRV.2005.9
H. Zhang, Y-XGuo, et al,"Cooperative integration of RF energy harvesting and dedicated WPT for wireless sensor networks," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Mar2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2019.2902047 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2019.2902047
D. Tan, "Batteries: the ultimate inertia for renewable integration," IEEE T&D Show, April2018 (Invited Super Session Panelist).
"Initial operation of the Hornsdale power reserve battery energy storage system," Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO), April 5, 2018.
Energy Storage News, "8minutenergy: We can do solar peakerplants at the half the price of gas".https://www.energy-storage.news/news/8minutenergy-we-can-do-solar-peaker-plants-at-half-half-halfthe-cost-of-f-fgas
"IBM announces cloud-based enterprise-wide analytics for energy companies," Winder Power Engineering & Development, Feb2015.
B. Fardanesh, B. Shperling, E. Uzunovic and S. Zelingher, "Multi-converter FACTS devices: the generalized unified power flow controller (GUPFC)," 2000 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, pp. 1020-1025, 2000.
Z. Huang, F. F. Wu, et al, "Application of UPFCin interconnected power systems -Modeling, interface, control strategy and case study," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 15, no. 2, , pp. 817-824May2000. https://doi.org/10.1109/59.867179 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/59.867179
D. Tan, "Batteries, Grids, and flexible autonomous power substation," IEEE eGRD Workshop, 2019 (Keynote) (Available through IEEE PELS and ES member resource center).
C.Schweagerl, "Technical,economic and environmental benefits of microgrids operation," Siemens, Jan2010.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Revista Eletrônica de Potência
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.